Observing time estimates

The time estimate includes time spent on the reference position (Position and Beam Switching) or the reference phase (Frequency Switching) excluding overheads. Add 15% on top of the calculated time for calibrations, pointing, antenna slewing and data handling. Projects requiring frequent frequency changes of the SIS-receiver should allow 15 minutes for each tuning. Frequency changes within each of the three HEMT reciever bands are instantaneous; OSO staff members are required to change between bands. Such changes take about 30 minutes and are done daytime.
      Note that the default temperature scale is in T^*_A units. To use the main beam brightness temperature scale (T_MB) enter the required sensitivity divided by the main beam efficiency.
      Simultaneous observations of right and left circular polarizations are possible for the HEMT receiver bands 18-26 GHz and 36-49.8 GHz. Note that the calculated time applies to a single polarization, i.e., divide the calculated time by a factor of √2 when using both channels simultaneously, provided that the signal is unpolarized or linearly polarized.

Measured receiver temperatures (80-130 K) for the new SIS receiver for 85-116 GHz has been adopted in the calculator.