The time estimate includes time spent on the reference position (Position and Beam Switching) or the reference phase (Frequency Switching) excluding overheads. Add 15% on top of the calculated time for calibrations, pointing, antenna slewing and data handling. Projects requiring frequent frequency changes of the SIS-receiver should allow 15 minutes for each tuning. Frequency changes within each of the three HEMT reciever bands are instantaneous; OSO staff members are required to change between bands. Such changes take about 30 minutes and are done daytime.
      Note that the default temperature scale is in T^*_A units. To use the main beam brightness temperature scale (T_MB) enter the required sensitivity divided by the main beam efficiency.

An expected receiver temperature of 100 K for the new SIS receiver for 84-116 GHz has been adopted in the calculator.